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PSAT PSAT-Reading Prüfungsübersicht:

Zertifizierungsanbieter:	College Board
Prüfungsname:	Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test – Lese- und Schreibabschnitt
Prüfungsnummer:	PSAT-Reading
Anzahl der Fragen:	54
Prüfungsgebühr:	Kostenlos oder 0–18 USD (je nach Schule unterschiedlich)
Mindestpunktzahl:	Keine festgelegte Bestehens- oder Nichtbestehensgrenze; skalierte Punktzahl zwischen 160 und 760
Verfügbare Sprachen:	Englisch
Gültigkeitsdauer des Zertifikats:	Ergebnisse sind 1 Jahr gültig; keine festgelegte offizielle Gültigkeitsdauer der Zertifizierung
Verwandte Zertifizierungen:	SAT Qualifikation für das National Merit-Stipendium
Prüfungsdauer:	64 Minuten
Prüfungsformat:	2 Module mit jeweils 27 Fragen, Eine Frage pro Textabschnitt, Digital adaptiver Test, Multiple-Choice-Fragen
Empfohlenes Training:	Offizielle Übungsmaterialien zum PSAT
Prüfungsanmeldung:	Anmeldung für den PSAT beim College Board
Beispielfragen:
Prüfungsmethode:	Digitaler Test über die Bluebook-Anwendung; Vor-Ort-Prüfung an der Schule
Voraussetzungen:	Einschreibung in die Klassenstufen 8 bis 11; Durchführung ausschließlich über die jeweilige Schule
Offizielle Syllabus-URL:	https://satsuite.collegeboard.org/psat-nmsqt/whats-on-the-test/reading-writing

PSAT PSAT-Reading Prüfungsthemen:

Fragen und Antworten rund um die PSAT-Reading Prüfung von PSAT

PSAT Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test - Reading PSAT-Reading Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen

Frage #1

The Amazonian wilderness harbors the greatest number of species on this planet and is an irreplaceable
resource for present and future generations. Amazonia is crucial for maintaining global climate and
genetic resources, and its forest and rivers provide vital sources of food, building materials,
pharmaceuticals, and water needed by wildlife and humanity. The Los Amigos watershed in the state of
Madre de Dios, southeastern Peru, is representative of the pristine lowland moist forest once found
throughout most of upper Amazonian South America. Threats to tropical forests occur in the form of
fishing, hunting, gold mining, timber extraction, impending road construction, and slash-and-burn
agriculture. The Los Amigos watershed, consisting of 1.6 million hectares (3.95 million acres), still offers
the increasingly scarce opportunity to study rainforest as it was before the disruptive encroachment of
modern human civilization. Because of its relatively pristine condition and the immediate need to justify it
as a conservation zone, this area deserves intensive, long-term projects aimed at botanical training,
ecotourism, biological inventory, and information synthesis. On July 24, 2001, the government of Peru
and the Amazon Conservation Association signed a contractual agreement creating the first long-term
permanently renewable conservation concession. To our knowledge this is the first such agreement to be
implemented in the world. The conservation concession protects 340,000 acres of old-growth Amazonian
forest in the Los Amigos watershed, which is located in southeastern Peru. This watershed protects the
eastern flank of Manu National Park and is part of the lowland forest corridor that links it to
Bahuaja-Sonene National Park. The Los Amigos conservation concession will serve as a mechanism for
the development of a regional center of excellence in natural forest management and biodiversity science.
Several major projects are being implemented at the Los Amigos Conservation Area. Louise Emmons is
initiating studies of mammal diversity and ecology in the Los Amigos area. Other projects involve studies
of the diversity of arthropods, amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Robin Foster has conducted botanical
studies at Los Amigos, resulting in the labeling of hundreds of plant species along two kilometers of trail in
upland and lowland forest. Michael Goulding is leading a fisheries and aquatic ecology program, which
aims to document the diversity of fish, their ecologies, and their habitats in the Los Amigos area and the
Madre de Dios watershed in general. With support from the Amazon Conservation Association, and in
collaboration with U.S. and Peruvian colleagues, the Botany of the Los Amigos project has been initiated.
At Los Amigos, we are attempting to develop a system of preservation, sustainability, and scientific
research; a marriage between various disciplines, from human ecology to economic botany, product
marketing to forest management. The complexity of the ecosystem will best be understood through a
multidisciplinary approach, and improved understanding of the complexity will lead to better management.
The future of these forests will depend on sustainable management and development of alternative
practices and products that do not require irreversible destruction. The botanical project will provide a
foundation of information that is essential to other programs at Los Amigos. By combining botanical
studies with fisheries and mammology, we will better understand plant/animal interactions. By providing
names, the botanical program will facilitate accurate communication about plants and the animals that
use them. Included in this scenario are humans, as we will dedicate time to people-plant interactions in
order to learn what plants are used by people in the Los Amigos area, and what plants could potentially
be used by people. To be informed, we must develop knowledge. To develop knowledge, we must collect,
organize, and disseminate information. In this sense, botanical information has conservation value.
Before we can use plant-based products from the forest, we must know what species are useful and we
must know their names. We must be able to identify them, to know where they occur in the forest, how
many of them exist, how they are pollinated and when they produce fruit (or other useful products). Aside
from understanding the species as they occur locally at Los Amigos, we must have information about their
overall distribution in tropical America in order to better understand and manage the distribution, variation,
and viability of their genetic diversity. This involves a more complete understanding of the species through
studies in the field and herbarium. The author implies in paragraph 4 that the agreement between Peru
and the Amazon Conservation Association is historic primarily because it

A. was the first time a South American government had made an agreement of any kind with the Amazon
Conservation Association.
B. is essentially a permanent conservation agreement.
C. was the first long-term agreement regarding land in the Amazon Rainforest.
D. represents the first time such an agreement had been made in the form of a renewable contract.
E. represented the first time a South American government had agreed to renew a conservation
agreement.

Frage #2

When Rob became interested in electricity, his clear-headed father considered the boy's fancy to be
instructive as well as amusing; so he heartily encouraged his son, and Rob never lacked batteries, motors,
or supplies of any sort that his experiments might require.
He fitted up the little back room in the attic as his workshop, and from thence, a network of wires soon ran
throughout the house. Not only had every outside door its electric bell, but every window was fitted with a
burglar alarm; moreover, no one could cross the threshold of any interior room without registering the fact
in Rob's work-shop. The gas was lighted by an electric fob; a chime, connected with an erratic clock in the
boy's room, woke the servants at all hours of the night and caused the cook to give warning; a bell rang
whenever the postman dropped a letter into the box; there were bells, bells, bells everywhere, ringing at
the right time, the wrong time and all the time. And there were telephones in the different rooms, too,
through which Rob could call up the different members of the family just when they did not wish to be
disturbed. His mother and sisters soon came to vote the boy's scientific craze a nuisance; but his father
was delighted with these evidences of Rob's skill as an electrician and insisted that he be allowed perfect
freedom in carrying out his ideas.
Paragraph three performs which of the following functions?

A. shows that mother and sister's input is valuable and heralded
B. warrants a rethinking of the continuous supplying of materials to Rob
C. demonstrates the continuing grip father has over the entire household
D. postulates the notion that perhaps the experiments have gone too far
E. shows father is willing to listen and alter decisions if warranted

Frage #3

Richard III was without any doubt whatsoever the most evil man to have worn the crown of England.
Attached to his name are so many crimes, and crimes so heinous and unnatural, that it is scarcely
credible that such a monster could exist. He not only committed murder on a number of occasions, but
many of those he murdered he had either sworn to protect or should have been expected to defend with
his last ounce of strength if he had anything approaching human feelings. First on the list of crimes was
the death of his sovereign, Henry VI. Granted that Henry had been deposed by Richard's brother, and
hence could not easily claim Richard's loyalty The word heinous in line 4 means

A. bloody
B. awful
C. deceitful
D. dishonest
E. secretive

Frage #4

Sir Giles's irritating reserve, not even excused by a word of apology, reached the limits of his endurance.
He respectfully protested. "I regret to find, sir," he said, "that I have lost my place in my employer's
estimation. The man to whom you confide the superintendence of your clerks and the transaction of your
business has, I venture to think, some claim (under the present circumstances) to be trusted." The banker
was now offended on his side.
"I readily admit your claim," he answered, "when you are sitting at your desk in my office. But, even in
these days of strikes, co-operations, and bank holidays, an employer has one privilege left--he has not
ceased to be a Man, and he has not forfeited a man's right to keep his own secrets. I fail to see anything in
my conduct which has given you just reason to complain." Dennis, rebuked, made his bow in silence, and
withdrew.
Did these acts of humility mean that he submitted? They meant exactly the contrary. He had made up his
mind that Sir Giles Mountjoy's motives should, sooner or later, cease to be mysteries to Sir Giles
Mountjoy's clerk.
In context, the words "irritating reserve" in first paragraph is best represented by the word

A. perturbation.
B. patience.
C. tolerance.
D. level of resistance
E. anguish.

Frage #5

This passage discusses the work of Abe Kobo, a Japanese novelist of the twentieth century.
Abe Kobo is one of the great writers of postwar Japan. His literature is richer, less predictable, and
wider-ranging than that of his famed contemporaries, Mishima Yukio and Nobel laureate Oe Kenzaburo. It
is infused with the passion and strangeness of his experiences in Manchuria, which was a Japanese
colony on mainland China before World War II. Abe spent his childhood and much of his youth in
Manchuria, and, as a result, the orbit of his work would be far less controlled by the oppressive
gravitational pull of the themes of furusato (hometown) and the emperor than his contemporaries'.
Abe, like most of the sons of Japanese families living in Manchuria, did return to Japan for schooling. He
entered medical school in Tokyo in 1944--just in time to forge himself a medical certificate claiming ill
health; this allowed him to avoid fighting in the war that Japan was already losing and return to Manchuria.
When Japan lost the war, however, it also lost its Manchurian colony. The Japanese living there were
attacked by the Soviet Army and various guerrilla bands. They suddenly found themselves refugees,
desperate for food. Many unfit men were abandoned in the Manchurian desert. At this apocalyptic time,
Abe lost his father to cholera.
He returned to mainland Japan once more, where the young were turning to Marxism as a rejection of the
militarism of the war. After a brief, unsuccessful stint at medical school, he became part of a Marxist group
of avant-garde artists. His work at this time was passionate and outspoken on political matters, adopting
black humor as its mode of critique.
During this time, Abe worked in the genres of theater, music, and photography. Eventually, he
mimeographed fifty copies of his first "published" literary work, entitled Anonymous Poems, in 1947. It
was a politically charged set of poems dedicated to the memory of his father and friends who had died in
Manchuria. Shortly thereafter, he published his first novel, For a Signpost at the End of a Road, which
imagined another life for his best friend who had died in the Manchurian desert. Abe was also active in the
Communist Party, organizing literary groups for workingmen.
Unfortunately, most of this radical early work is unknown outside Japan and underappreciated even in
Japan. In early 1962, Abe was dismissed from the Japanese Liberalist Party. Four months later, he
published the work that would blind us to his earlier oeuvre, Woman in the Dunes. It was director
Teshigahara Hiroshi's film adaptation of Woman in the Dunes that brought Abe's work to the international
stage. The movie's fame has wrongly led readers to view the novel as Abe's masterpiece. It would be
more accurate to say that the novel simply marked a turning point in his career, when Abe turned away
from the experimental and heavily political work of his earlier career. Fortunately, he did not then turn to
furusato and the emperor after all, but rather began a somewhat more realistic exploration of his
continuing obsession with homelessness and alienation. Not completely a stranger to his earlier
commitment to Marxism, Abe turned his attention, beginning in the sixties, to the effects on the individual
of Japan's rapidly urbanizing, growthdriven, increasingly corporate society.
The phrase "blind us" in the last paragraph refers to the

A. overwhelming power of Abe's novel, Woman in the Dunes.
B. difficulty in reconciling Woman in the Dunes and other later works with the form and content of his
earlier works.
C. absence of film adaptations for Abe's other novels.
D. excessive critical attention to Abe's novel, Woman in the Dunes.
E. challenge of interpreting Abe's more experimental works.

Fragen und Antworten: